Eczema in babies and children

The skin is dry, red and itchy. In babies, the eczema is mainly on the face. In older children, it is more often in the creases of the elbows, behind the knees and on the wrists, ankles and hands. Eczema comes in flare-ups: sometimes it is good, sometimes bad.

• sweating and scratching
• rough or woollen clothing
• frequent washing with water and soap
• stress
• sometimes an allergic reaction

• Apply a greasy cream or ointment (emollient) every day, even when the skin looks fine. This is the basis of the treatment.
• Choose products without perfume or colourings. An expensive cream is not necessarily better.
• Wash briefly in lukewarm water, with a mild, soap-free wash emulsion or bath oil, and pat the skin dry.
• Choose cotton clothing and keep the nails short.

During a flare-up, a cortisone (steroid) ointment is the basis. Used in the right way, and in the strength that suits the age and the part of the body, it is safe and effective. I explain how often and for how long to apply it. Some children need a low dose at set times to prevent new flare-ups.

Sometimes a food allergy plays a part, especially in babies with severe eczema. Do not simply cut out foods: a diet only makes sense when an allergy has been proven, and cutting out foods unnecessarily can harm your child's growth. You can read more about this on Food allergy.

• if the itching keeps your child awake
• if the eczema does not get better with the usual skin care
• if you think food plays a part
• if the skin becomes weepy, crusty or painful: this may point to an infection

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